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Presentation of the Laboratory The laboratory of protection and improvement of plants is interested in the study of the mechanisms of the tolerance of plants in “biotic and abiotic” stress and to facilitate the creation of new more tolerant varieties to drought and salinity. In another axis, we study and finalize various bioinsecticides, biofungicides and antibiotics of microbial, vegetable and algale origins. The identification of active molecules and proteins, the manipulation of the genes and the production by fermentation, show that these biopesticides are healthy, original and could be exploited in the domains of the agriculture, the environment and the public health.  The problems of drought and salinity of the soil are particularly severe in developing countries and in dry and semi-arid regions. The culture of cereal in Tunisia is generally subjected to hydric constraints owed essentially to a frequent drought to which comes to be added problems of salinisation of the grounds. The main objective of the laboratory would thus be the development of more tolerant cereal in stress abiotiques (drought and salinity), capable of maintaining a profitable production in zones semi dry in dry and the development of Biopesticides respecting the environment and the health to resolve the problems caused by insects, fungi and bacteria.